Puglia is shrinking, and the latest figures from Istat aren’t just dry statistics—they are a wake-up call for anyone who cares about the future of South Italy. In just the first ten months of 2025, my home region lost nearly 9,000 residents. Once the final December tally is in, we are looking at a permanent loss of over 10,000 people in a single year.
As someone born and raised in this land, it is painful to see Italy heel losing its pulse. The decline isn’t felt equally everywhere, but the trend is undeniable: Taranto and Lecce are bleeding residents the fastest, while even traditionally robust hubs like Bari are barely holding steady.
A Crisis of Cradle and Career
The math of the “demographic winter” is brutal. We are seeing a perfect storm of two factors:
- The Birth Gap: Between January and October, Puglia recorded roughly 17,000 births against over 31,000 deaths. We are simply not replacing the generations that came before us.
- The Great Migration: This isn’t just about people moving; it’s about a “fuga dei cervelli” (brain drain). Puglia has the highest percentage of university students in Italy who flee to northern regions to find an education and, eventually, a career. We are exporting our best talent and what are we importing?
The Economic Wall
Why aren’t we having children? The Istat report is blunt: a third of young Italians cite economic instability, while others point to inadequate working conditions or the sheer lack of a stable partner. In a region where the cost of living keeps rising but the “social elevator” feels stuck, many Pugliesi feel forced to choose between a family and a future.
The Surprising Safety Net
Surprisingly, the only thing preventing a total demographic collapse is international immigration. The “contribution” from abroad brought in a net positive of 11,000 units. Without these new residents, Puglia’s decline would be twice as fast. It’s a paradox: while my fellow Pugliesi head North to seek their fortune, others are coming from across the globe to fill the void we leave behind.
Puglia remains one of the most beautiful places on Earth—a land of ancient olives, baroque architecture, and deep tradition. But a land without young people is a museum, not a home. Unless something fundamental changes in the labor market and support for families, we are watching the slow, quiet emptying of the place I call home.








